• The UK parliamentary Defence Committee found the Royal Navy has five Type 23 anti-submarine frigates against a requirement of eight, and the towed-sonar number could stay near five for three years.
  • It urged that no more Type 23s leave service until replaced one-for-one by Type 26s, and warned that Norway’s order could delay the Royal Navy’s eight until 2037.
  • The committee also asked for a classified capability-gap assessment for a 2030 High North conflict and warned against relying on uncrewed vessels before Arctic testing.